To begin this reflection, let us first discuss the results of my VARK questionnaire. I had a visual score of 4, an aural score of 14, a reading/writing score of 12, and a kinesthetic score of 4. I actually expected the high scores in the reading/writing and aural categories, as from past experience, I have found these to be most effective for me. For every test I have ever taken, I make a handwritten study guide. I cannot learn from typed study guides. Writing the words and seeing the words on the paper, as well as forming the actual words in my mind during this allows me to sort and process information. When I was in a play, the only way I was able to learn my lines was to practice reading them aloud over and over again, and I had over 300 lines that I needed to memorize. In contrast, my father is a very visual and kinesthetic learner, who hates reading words on account of his dyslexia. He can take apart and rebuild a computer without looking at the directions and relying just on his intuition of how things function, whereas if you presented me with the same task, I would need someone standing over my shoulder telling me where everything needs to go to avoid a mental breakdown from my inevitable frustration. My solution to solving Rubix cubes is to peel off the stickers and color code them myself; if something doesn't involve words, I peace out.
But I digress.
In this unit, we focused on the body's defense. Externally, our body has a first line of defense: the skin, which serves as a physical barrier against pathogens. Comprised of the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis layers (outermost to innermost layers), the skin also uses chemical methods of preventing pathogens, such as secreting sweat, mucus, and its levels of keratin to resist bacterial enzymes. These forms of resistance are called non-specific. Other forms of non-specific resistance are other chemical methods inside the body like gastric juice, anti-microbial substances like natural killer cells, and anti-microbial processes like inflammation and fever. Other forms of resistance used by the body to defend against pathogens are called specific. These are cell-mediated or antibody-mediated responses that occur when the first layers of defense have been penetrated. Cell-mediated immunity uses T-cells, which can be either Helper T-cells, Cytotoxic T-cells, or Memory T-cells. B-cells make up the antibody-mediated immunity, developing into plasma cells and using neutralization, immobilization, agglutination, activation of complement, attraction of phagocytes, or phagocytosis enhancement to stop the threat. Generally, our bodies immune system kills "bad" cells like cancer cells in under 100 seconds (McCarthy). Sometimes, they don't neutralize the cancer cells, which then grow into tumors, masses of extra tissue. Cancer is the uncontrolled growth or body cells that crowd out normal cells. Some tumors are non-cancerous or benign, but cancerous, or malignant, tumors cause death if untreated. If uncontrolled, cancer cells will spread across the body in a process called metastasis. Cancer treatments include chemotherapy, removal surgery, and radiation.
This unit, we had the interesting opportunity to participate in a debate. The debate was informative and fun, albeit stressful. Our topic, the organ market, was unique because both sides were debatable and strong. I honestly wasn't leaning one way or the other on the topic, and I was very surprised how the audience was so staggered. My team worked very hard, and I was so proud of our efforts.
Works Cited
http://preventdisease.com/news/14/020314_Scientists-Find-That-The-Human-Body-Kills-Spontaneous-Cancers-Daily.shtml
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Anatomy_The_Skin_-_NCI_Visuals_Online.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_cell
A blog dedicated to all things Anatomical and Physiological, created by a student in Mr. Orre's 5th period Anatomy/Physiology class.
Thursday, December 1, 2016
Tuesday, November 8, 2016
Sheep Heart Dissection Questions
1. The pericardium serves to provide lubrication for the heart and protects against infection. It is the outermost layer of the heart.
2. The biggest difference between veins and arteries is that arteries take blood away from the heart, while veins bring blood to the heart. Veins have valves that prevent back-flow of blood. The veins also have thinner walls. Arteries have thick, muscular walls.
3. The auricles are like a balloon attached to the atria. They fill up with blood also, increasing the holding capacity of the atria.
4. The external structure gets narrower as we go down the heart. The atria are wider than the ventricles. This gives the appearance of the upside down triangle sort of shape.
6.
7. The chordae tendinae prevent the valve from reopening in response to the pressure lowering in the atrium during ventricular systole. The pressure in the atria becomes much lower, and because things naturally go from high to low concentration, the chordae tendinae and papillary muscles prevent this from happening.
8. The valve is a whitish color, different in texture from the endocardium lining of the chambers. This valve is bigger than the semilunar valves and the tricuspid valve.
9. Semilunar valves prevent back-flow from arteries back into the ventricles during ventricular diastole, and they also maintain the pressure in the arteries so they can effectively push the blood where it needs to go.
10. a) Blood can become backed up in other parts of the body if there is valve disease, causing swelling. If the blood can't get pumped back into the heart, it becomes stuck. b) Left side valve disease can cause tricuspid regurgitation.
11. The chordae tendinae of the bicuspid valve are super stringy, pulled taut with probe causes valve to be open. You can see through the aorta, or where the aortic arch would be.
12. The right side of the heart receives oxygen deprived blood and sends it to the lungs for reoxygenation. Conversely, the left side of the heart receives the oxygen rich blood from the lungs and sends it to the rest of the body through the left ventricle.
13.
2. The biggest difference between veins and arteries is that arteries take blood away from the heart, while veins bring blood to the heart. Veins have valves that prevent back-flow of blood. The veins also have thinner walls. Arteries have thick, muscular walls.
3. The auricles are like a balloon attached to the atria. They fill up with blood also, increasing the holding capacity of the atria.
4. The external structure gets narrower as we go down the heart. The atria are wider than the ventricles. This gives the appearance of the upside down triangle sort of shape.
6.
7. The chordae tendinae prevent the valve from reopening in response to the pressure lowering in the atrium during ventricular systole. The pressure in the atria becomes much lower, and because things naturally go from high to low concentration, the chordae tendinae and papillary muscles prevent this from happening.
8. The valve is a whitish color, different in texture from the endocardium lining of the chambers. This valve is bigger than the semilunar valves and the tricuspid valve.
9. Semilunar valves prevent back-flow from arteries back into the ventricles during ventricular diastole, and they also maintain the pressure in the arteries so they can effectively push the blood where it needs to go.
10. a) Blood can become backed up in other parts of the body if there is valve disease, causing swelling. If the blood can't get pumped back into the heart, it becomes stuck. b) Left side valve disease can cause tricuspid regurgitation.
11. The chordae tendinae of the bicuspid valve are super stringy, pulled taut with probe causes valve to be open. You can see through the aorta, or where the aortic arch would be.
12. The right side of the heart receives oxygen deprived blood and sends it to the lungs for reoxygenation. Conversely, the left side of the heart receives the oxygen rich blood from the lungs and sends it to the rest of the body through the left ventricle.
13.
Unit 3 Reflection
Review: This unit was about cardiovascular health, and how to maintain said health. The circulatory or cardiovascular system is comprised of three parts, the heart, the blood, and the blood vessels. The heart is the basis of operations: all blood in the body comes back to the heart to be reoxygenated and resent back to the body. The structure of the heart plays an important role in its function: four separated chambers operate through contraction and relaxation, called systole and diastole respectively, which pushed the blood out of arteries, particularly the pulmonary arteries and the aorta. The right side of the heart gets deoxygenated blood and sends it to the lungs, and the left side gets oxygenated blood and sends it to the body. The blood itself is comprised of different types of cells and fluid: red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, and platelets. Blood vessels, like arteries, veins, and capillaries, transport the blood where it needs to go in the body.
Heart disease is caused by atherosclerosis, triggered by excess sugar, excess polyunsaturated fats, excess omega-6, and damaged blood vessels. Focusing on the latter, blood vessel damage occurs when LDL, the "bad cholesterol," sticks to the walls of the blood vessels, lodging itself in the walls. When this occurs, an inflammatory response is triggered, which results in a counterproductive process of creating "foamy" mast cells, creating a plaque in the walls. This plaque can break, which causes a blood clot. This blood clot can either block the blood in the same blood vessel, or break off and travel further in the body, where it clogs up there and causes a heart attack or a stroke. A stroke only occurs in the brain, and can be very fatal. Every minute during a stroke, 2 million blood cells die, making the treatment for strokes very time-sensitive. To promote your own cardiovascular health, maintain a healthy diet, exercise, do not smoke or drink alcohol in excess, and know your family history of hypertension.
Reflect: I am still struggling with differentiating between the different white blood cells. I struggled with the case study activity, which is concerning because that question format is a large portion of the test. Also, without my group members to collaborate with, I probably cannot identify structures on the sheep heart alone. If I had to look at another sheep heart that wasn't the one I was familiar with and hands-on with, I would be beyond confused.
Considering that it is currently past midnight and I'm still mid-study session, my sleep goal from last semester is not going so well. However, I was able to catch up on some of the midterm-stolen sleep over the weekend! These couple of weeks are extremely tough as many deadlines overlap. Most of the units in our various classes tend to end on a similar schedule, meaning that we have weeks of "chill" time and weeks of testing mayhem. This makes it hard as a student to allocate my time to all of my classes appropriately, and maintain my work schedule. In general, I'm a focused person, so I know that it's not lack of focus contributing to any poor marks, but rather just lack of time or biological ability to function. I do try as hard as I can.
Going back to the unit, a surprisingly fun activity was the dissection! I entered the activity with a negative mindset, intending to only take notes, but I was soon "two-glovin' it" and fully immersed, poking and prodding the heart with gusto. I'm happy with myself for pushing my learning to another level, despite my prior reservations.
Heart disease is caused by atherosclerosis, triggered by excess sugar, excess polyunsaturated fats, excess omega-6, and damaged blood vessels. Focusing on the latter, blood vessel damage occurs when LDL, the "bad cholesterol," sticks to the walls of the blood vessels, lodging itself in the walls. When this occurs, an inflammatory response is triggered, which results in a counterproductive process of creating "foamy" mast cells, creating a plaque in the walls. This plaque can break, which causes a blood clot. This blood clot can either block the blood in the same blood vessel, or break off and travel further in the body, where it clogs up there and causes a heart attack or a stroke. A stroke only occurs in the brain, and can be very fatal. Every minute during a stroke, 2 million blood cells die, making the treatment for strokes very time-sensitive. To promote your own cardiovascular health, maintain a healthy diet, exercise, do not smoke or drink alcohol in excess, and know your family history of hypertension.
Reflect: I am still struggling with differentiating between the different white blood cells. I struggled with the case study activity, which is concerning because that question format is a large portion of the test. Also, without my group members to collaborate with, I probably cannot identify structures on the sheep heart alone. If I had to look at another sheep heart that wasn't the one I was familiar with and hands-on with, I would be beyond confused.
Considering that it is currently past midnight and I'm still mid-study session, my sleep goal from last semester is not going so well. However, I was able to catch up on some of the midterm-stolen sleep over the weekend! These couple of weeks are extremely tough as many deadlines overlap. Most of the units in our various classes tend to end on a similar schedule, meaning that we have weeks of "chill" time and weeks of testing mayhem. This makes it hard as a student to allocate my time to all of my classes appropriately, and maintain my work schedule. In general, I'm a focused person, so I know that it's not lack of focus contributing to any poor marks, but rather just lack of time or biological ability to function. I do try as hard as I can.
Going back to the unit, a surprisingly fun activity was the dissection! I entered the activity with a negative mindset, intending to only take notes, but I was soon "two-glovin' it" and fully immersed, poking and prodding the heart with gusto. I'm happy with myself for pushing my learning to another level, despite my prior reservations.
Thursday, October 27, 2016
Mid-Unit Summary
This unit, we are learning about the circulatory system. The heart of the circulatory system is, metaphorically and literally, the heart itself.
Let's look at the structure of the heart. Comprised of four chambers, the heart is hollow to allow for blood to be pumped in and out. The chambers are the left ventricle, right ventricle, left atrium, and right atrium. The atria are the upper chambers, and the ventricles are below. The right atrium receives oxygen deprived blood. The left atrium receives oxygen rich blood. The right ventricle pushes blood out of the heart to the lungs. The left ventricle discharges blood to the body. There are valves in the heart that prevent back-flow of blood: the sublunar pulmonary and aortic valves, the tricuspid valve, and the bicuspid valve. The heart sounds we hear are the slamming of these valves shut.
The circulatory system branches from the heart to the entire body. The 3 components are the heart, the network of tubes, and the blood. Blood flows in veins to the hearts, or arteries away from the heart. Small arteries are called arterioles, and small veins are called venules.
Blood itself is comprised of 55% plasma and 45% cellular stuff. The cellular stuff is red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and others. The white blood cells are neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. Platelets help blood clot. Red blood cells carry oxygen in the blood.
When there is an excess amount of LDL, the bad cholesterol, it sticks to artery walls, becoming a plaque, which can then rupture and cause a blood clot. Blood clots can lead to strokes and heart attacks, which are very deadly.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Heart_diagram-en.svg
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwiVstrt8PvPAhUQ9mMKHX-6A8QQjRwIBw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWhite_blood_cell&psig=AFQjCNG_kW_UUtA4aTszmYdRUT-yfK7fWA&ust=1477688519713371


Blood itself is comprised of 55% plasma and 45% cellular stuff. The cellular stuff is red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and others. The white blood cells are neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. Platelets help blood clot. Red blood cells carry oxygen in the blood.
When there is an excess amount of LDL, the bad cholesterol, it sticks to artery walls, becoming a plaque, which can then rupture and cause a blood clot. Blood clots can lead to strokes and heart attacks, which are very deadly.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Heart_diagram-en.svg
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwiVstrt8PvPAhUQ9mMKHX-6A8QQjRwIBw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWhite_blood_cell&psig=AFQjCNG_kW_UUtA4aTszmYdRUT-yfK7fWA&ust=1477688519713371
Friday, October 21, 2016
Blood Pressure Lab
Systole is the pressure of the blood in the body when the heart contracts, while diastole is the remaining pressure when the heart is relaxed. To measure heart rate, you can use a blood pressure cuff and a stethoscope, but you can also use a timer and your fingers placed on the radial or carotid arteries. Blood pressure is measured with a blood pressure cuff and a stethoscope. When you measure a pulse, don't use your thumb because your thumb has its own independent pulse that you may feel. To use a blood pressure cuff, place the cuff, with no air, on the bicep area of the uncovered arm. Put the stethoscope end under the cuff, on top of your veins in the inside of your elbow. Close the valve on the cuff and squeeze the bulb until the meter of the sphygimomanometer says 150 mm/Hg. Gently release the air from the valve, listening for the first heartbeat. Take note of the number on the meter when you hear it. Continue releasing the air until you no longer hear the heartbeat, and take note of the number on the meter when you stop hearing the heartbeat. The first number recorded is the systolic number, and the second is the diastolic.
Tuesday, October 18, 2016
Chalk Walk
Monday, October 10, 2016
Unit 2 Reflection
This unit, we focused on health. But what exactly is health? In the beginning of the unit, our group-made definitions included keywords like "exercise" and "mental and physical health." As we learned in class, health is the measure of our body's efficiency and overall well being. Health can be thought of as a triangle, with the three sides of mental health, physical health, and social health. Mental health is how we think and cope with situations, and whether we suffer from mental illnesses or disorders. Physical health is our body's ability to function. Social health is how we react to others in our environment. Health can also be thought of as a columned building with 5 pillars: nutrition, exercise, sleep, stress, and social life. Each of these pillars is essential to the building's foundation, and if one pillar is skewed, the building is structurally weak and may collapse.
When our bodies are physically healthy, certain hormones known as the Big Four are doing their jobs correctly. The first of these hormones is insulin, the hormone that facilitates the movement of macro-nutrients into the cells and regulates the blood glucose levels. In western society, we tend to "overcarbsume," which can lead to insulin resistance, a dangerous condition that affects the body's ability to detect insulin's presence. The second hormone is leptin, which tells the brain how much fat there is on the body. It also regulates the energy intake and expenditure, controlling how much we eat and feel the need to get moving. When we have a lack of fat, no leptin is released, which tells the brain to eat and retain fat. When we have an excess of fat, leptin is released, which tells the brain to stop eating and increase activity. The third hormone is glucagon, which allows access to the body's glycogen storage for energy. This can be stimulated by low blood sugar, stress, or an intake of protein. The last hormone is cortisol, not so affectionately known as the "stress hormone" because it is prevalent in response to stress. It raises blood pressure by stimulating glycogen breakdown, and can be dangerous if elevated for long periods of time.

Now, we look at exercise. There are four types of exercise: aerobic, muscle strengthening, bone strengthening, and flexibility. Aerobic, known as cardio or endurance, works muscles as groups and increases the heart rate. Muscle strengthening works muscles against a force or a weight, creating tiny tears in the muscle that heal to strengthen it. Bone strengthening pits force on bones that promotes bone strength. Flexibility increases the range of motion, but should not be counted toward overall minutes of exercise. When we exercise, we rely on different metabolic pathways for energy throughout our workouts. First we use the phosphagen pathway for high power, short exercises, relying on creatine phosphate. Then we use the glycolic pathway for lower power exercise up to 10 minutes, relying on glycolysis until the lactic acid concentration in the body is too high. Then we use the oxidative pathway for exercise upwards of 10 minutes, relying on cellular respiration for energy.


At SHS, our sleep and stress pillars are very weak. We tend to pull all-nighters to finish assignments. A real-world application of what we learned is when my father was studied by various doctors to examine his sleep patterns, as he suffers from sleep apnea. Tethered to a plethora of wires and machines, he snored loudly on the dinky hospital bed. They concluded that his sleep apnea and snoring caused him to repeatedly slip in and out of deep sleep, preventing him from getting the full benefits of REM sleep. His espresso addiction suddenly made a lot more sense. He ended up attempting surgery for his deviated septum, but the surgery went poorly after they accidentally cut an artery in his neck and needed to fix that first. He still snores and relies on coffee, and is forgetful, cranky, and drowsy.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:StressSymptoms.gif
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_deprivation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_(biology)
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sleepapnea
Tuesday, October 4, 2016
Sleep Diary
The scariest part about the Sleep Diary activity was that I already knew I was going to be disappointed with the results, yet I still continuously went to sleep later than I should have. I slept, on average, 7.35 hours. The recommended amount for teens is around 9 hours, so I'm losing a lot of sleep time. Every night my sleep debt grows. It scares me, and I wonder if I'll ever get out of that debt. Because I wake up at 6:45 on school days, I should sleep by 10 at the latest every school night to be ready for the next day. I need to eliminate phone time before bed! It makes it easy to get distracted and keeps me restless. A question I have is about snoring. My friends and family tell me that sometimes I snore and sometimes I don't, and I wonder where that discrepancy comes from.
Monday, September 26, 2016
Wellness Day Reflection
The first topic that came to mind immediately while we discussed the parameters of the Wellness Day project was yoga. When I am in a yoga class, I get some of the deepest, most effective stretches and workouts in my life. I stretch muscles I did not even know were in my body. When I leave the class, I feel an overwhelming sense of wholesomeness, a deeper knowledge and connection to the world around me. The mental and physical benefits of yoga have bettered my life for many years, and I felt it fitting to pay homage to an art that benefitted me in so many ways.
Some of the most interesting things I learned were about the history of yoga. I did not know what its origins were, and I found the 5 principles by Swami Sivananda to be resounding. These principles, proper relaxation, proper exercise, proper breathing, proper diet, and positive thinking and meditation, are the basis of what makes yoga so effective. When these principles are applied to all aspects of life, not just in the classroom, the lives we lead can become happier, healthier, lovelier.
The fun and unusual types of yoga were also very interesting. Like Doga, yoga with your dog. I would love to do downward dog with my little puppy, or aerial yoga nestled between silks suspended above the ceiling.
While researching the Sunrise Salutation, I learned about the reasons behind this specific sequence, the sequence I have been doing since I was eight years old. I did not know where the solar plexus is located, but now I know that it rests behind the navel in the central part of our bodies, and the Sunrise Salutation opens and extends the plexus to the sun’s embrace, feeling its warmth for the duration of the sequence. Knowing the story, the purpose behind the sequence makes it more than just a series of moves; it’s a moment of gratitude for something so much grander than us, yet that makes our lives possible.
Yoga is important for our mental and physical well-being because it emphasizes the importance of the self. While getting a vigorous aerobic workout or stretch, we internalize and focus on our thoughts. We regulate our breathing and bring a sense of structure to the mayhem of life. I have not practiced another form of exercise as effective as healing my mind and my body as yoga.
I would grade myself at an 8, because I did an equal amount of the preparation as my peers for the presentation. Kaitlin did a bulk of the research on the background, I was the creative mind in charge of the activity and poses, and Hayley did the benefits, bibliographies, a and other miscellaneous slides. We worked well as a group. Not one person did too much or too little. I think I got a little rambly during the presentation because I was nervous, but other than that I thought the class was well engaged during the activity.
Nutrition Analysis
When I began this analysis, my idea of a quick "diet" was to eat very little, maybe even nothing at all. I do tend to struggle, as most teenage girls in this society do, with my appearance. Sometimes I compare myself to other girls, or fall into the deep hole of seeing the unnaturally small models in the media and believing that those women have the desirable, healthy bodies. This assignment has been a wake-up call. Instead of being morbidly over the calorie and sodium count like I thought I would be, I was very low in every single category. Even on my cheat day, where I had an In & Out burger with 480 calories and french fries with 395 calories, I was still 834 calories under the suggested daily calorie intake for my weight, gender, and age. I think this has partly to do with my poor habit of eating little amounts of food. I tend to feel full very quickly, and stop eating after only a couple bites. In fact, on some days I did not have breakfast because I overslept, leading me to eat even less.
So why, I ask myself, do I still believe myself to be a little heavier, to retain weight and fat in the unsightly places? Some part of this, I think, is my food choice. Look at my food intake for Day 3. Out of the 8 foods I ate that day, 3 of them were laden with carbohydrates, toast, a bagel, and white rice. Bagels and white rice are both notorious for being carb-heavy and unhealthy. I could substitute my bagel lunch for a more protein-heavy lunch. In fact, my only protein intake that day was one portion of chicken! I could swap the white rice for the far more beneficial brown rice. I could increase my portion size while being mindful of what I’m eating, like having 2 eggs for breakfast instead of a sugary Starbucks scone. My only veggie intake that day was broccoli! That is unusual for me, but still concerning.
Another factor to my appearance might just be genetic. My family has a vast history of being overweight (partly because of the Italian family’s killer pasta recipes). Sadly, I do not know how I can remedy this.
The scariest day for me to see was Day 1. I had only 695 calories! I ate only 7 different foods. I was vastly below in fiber at only 7.4 grams, Vitamin C at 17.12 grams, iron at 3.96 milligrams, sodium at 1803 milligrams, Vitamin B-6 at 0.3 grams, and magnesium at 76 grams. That is not a healthy diet for a moderately active 17 year old girl who danced for 3 hours that day. I see that not a single nutrient was fulfilled that day. How was my body still functioning?
I need to increase my protein intake and my fat intake while decreasing my carb intake. As I stated before, I tend to “overcarbsume” like many other Americans. I also need to sadly not eat my favorite and dear Kind Granola Bars. I am addicted to the Almond and Apricot bars, and for some reason I built up in my mind that they were healthy. They are not. They are a better choice than a bag of Lays, but not better than having some veggies with hummus, or a handful of almonds without the added honey and sugar.
As a moderately active person, I am in the studio or gym often, whether it be teaching my crazy little munchkins or working my max on a solo routine. I expend a lot of energy, even more than regular because of my pre-existing and exercise-induced asthma, which causes moderately intense or vigorous activity to be even more difficult. I often hit the wall that you described in class, because I have no stored energy reserves after my initial carb intake runs out. This impairs my growth as a dancer.
Also, I struggle with a regular sleeping schedule, which I have read can wreak havoc on your weight fluctuation. When I sleep less my body doesn’t heal or rest properly. I feel as though I am dragging my way through the day, a feeling that is intensified by my lack of energy from food. Hopefully this will regulate when I am done with college applications.
All in all, if I eat more meaningful calories with nutrient-dense foods, increase my protein and fat intake, reduce my carb intake, sleep more, etc. then hopefully I will see more results.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_fingers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penne
https://www.fatsecret.com/calories-nutrition/generic/pesto-sauce
https://www.fatsecret.com/calories-nutrition/generic/chicken-parmesan
http://mobile.fatsecret.com/calories-nutrition/usda/yellow-sweet-corn?portionid=59083&portionamount=89
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espresso
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_cream
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinach
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana
https://www.almondbreeze.com/products/almondmilk-original/#nutritionalFacts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_as_food
https://www.caloriecount.com/calories-kind-almond-apricot-bar-i214668
http://nutritiondata.self.com/facts/baked-products/4872/2
https://www.fatsecret.com/calories-nutrition/smuckers/strawberry-jelly
http://www.myfitnesspal.com/food/calories/natural-jif-creamy-peanut-butter-1-serving-357013801?v2=false
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrot
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cucumber
https://www.fatsecret.com/calories-nutrition/kraft/natural-mozzarella-string-cheese
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate-covered_raisin
http://pizzamyheart.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/PMH-NutritionFacts.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cream_cheese
http://www.fatsecret.com/diary.aspx?pa=fjrd&rid=57097
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broccoli
http://www.myfitnesspal.com/food/calories/starbucks-pumpkin-spice-scone-362000702?v2=false
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hummus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onion
http://www.in-n-out.com/pdf/nutrition_2010.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemonade
https://www.fatsecret.com/calories-nutrition/generic/caesar-salad-(with-romaine)?portionid=19864&portionamount=1.000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Date_palm
http://www.myfitnesspal.com/food/calories/asian-noodles-noodles-310598318?v2=false
http://www.myfitnesspal.com/food/calories/generic-1-3-cup-of-filipino-chicken-adobo-dqf-350951758?v2=false
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice
Friday, September 16, 2016
What is Health?
These are the pillars of health as shown by various pictures I've taken. Health, to me, means being conscious of the decisions I make in regards to my body and how they affect my overall well-being. Health has 5 pillars: nutrition, exercise, sleep, stress, and social. When I feel healthy, I am eating well, sleeping enough, exercising often, hanging out with people I love, and minimizing stress. Sadly, most of the time, I do not feel like I am healthy in all these ways. My weakest pillars are stress, exercise, nutrition, and sleep, in that order. I do believe I spend enough time with my loved ones, though. Personally, I need to change my pessimistic approach to health. When I am sad or upset (90% of the week), I find it hard to motivate myself to get moving or to not eat comfort food. Hopefully this will change.
Wednesday, September 7, 2016
Specialized Cells: Keratinocytes
Specialized cells are cells that have a different structure than the basic cell, a structure which serves a very specific purpose in the body. One example of a specialized cell is a keratinocyte, the cell that makes up 95% of the epidermis.
Keratinocytes begin as stem cells in the lower part of the epidermis. They then differentiate and begin to produce keratin, a structural protein responsible for forming a barrier against environmental damage such as UV rays and parasites. These cells have the normal organelles found in animal cells, producing the keratin proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. The keratinocytes are in stratified squamous rows. After a keratinocyte produces keratin, they turn into corneocytes, cells that have lost their nuclei and organelles, eventually being shed from the skin through desquamation, or shedding of the skin. This process takes around 48-50 days.
The tissue made of keratinocytes is classified as connective tissue, comprising the Integumentary (skin) organ system.
Sources:
http://www.keratinocyte-transfection.com/keratinocytes-and-the-epidermis/
file:///Users/Katrinacoglitore/Downloads/the-basement-membrane-zone--study-notes-.pdf
https://prezi.com/zzdle6chu8fu/organelles-of-a-skin-cell-by-alena-todd/
Blausen.com staff. "Blausen gallery 2014". Wikiversity Journal of Medicine.DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 20018762. - Own work
By Mulletsrokk (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Blausen.com staff. "Blausen gallery 2014". Wikiversity Journal of Medicine.DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 20018762. - Own work
By Mulletsrokk (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Wednesday, August 31, 2016
Hana The Banana Lab
Initial Findings:
Hana The Banana arrived at the morgue on Friday, August 26, 2016. Autopsy began at approximately 1:30 P.M. Victim appeared to have been dead for at least an hour; discoloration (brown) bruising was already evident. Victim had thick, waxy yellow skin, with green tint on the ridges of the body. Victim had lacerations medial to left ear which removed the left eye. The gash extended past the nose and ends superior to the mouth. A second gash was inferior to the left arm across the abdomen, medial to victim's back, approximately 1 millimeter lateral to the mid-line on the left. Victim had a deep cut distal to the elbow on the right arm, which removed two of her fingers. Another wound, more anterior and medial to the right arm, extended across the heart. A slash, 3 centimeters long, was 2 centimeters superior to the feet. Bruising and discoloration scattered across the anterior right of the frontal plane. Inferior bruising 6 centimeters along the left side of the body.
Cause of Death:
Foul play is evident. Apparent cause of death is exsanguination. Blood loss attributed to multiple stab wounds across the body. In accordance with various DNA samples retrieved from Hana's wounds, perpetrator appears to be a coconut. Main suspect is victim's ex-boyfriend, CocoNutZ, an aspiring fruit rapper with violent tendencies.
Hana The Banana arrived at the morgue on Friday, August 26, 2016. Autopsy began at approximately 1:30 P.M. Victim appeared to have been dead for at least an hour; discoloration (brown) bruising was already evident. Victim had thick, waxy yellow skin, with green tint on the ridges of the body. Victim had lacerations medial to left ear which removed the left eye. The gash extended past the nose and ends superior to the mouth. A second gash was inferior to the left arm across the abdomen, medial to victim's back, approximately 1 millimeter lateral to the mid-line on the left. Victim had a deep cut distal to the elbow on the right arm, which removed two of her fingers. Another wound, more anterior and medial to the right arm, extended across the heart. A slash, 3 centimeters long, was 2 centimeters superior to the feet. Bruising and discoloration scattered across the anterior right of the frontal plane. Inferior bruising 6 centimeters along the left side of the body.
Cause of Death:
Foul play is evident. Apparent cause of death is exsanguination. Blood loss attributed to multiple stab wounds across the body. In accordance with various DNA samples retrieved from Hana's wounds, perpetrator appears to be a coconut. Main suspect is victim's ex-boyfriend, CocoNutZ, an aspiring fruit rapper with violent tendencies.
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